Ralph Waldo Emerson

* نبذة مختصرة عن "رالف والدو إيمرسون":

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"رالف والدو إيمرسون" Ralph Waldo Emerson، هو كاتب مقال أمريكى وشاعر وفيلسوف. وُلد "إيمرسون" فى بوسطن عام (1803) وتوفى عام (1882)، ونال شهرته على مستوى العالم بوصفه محاضراً ومؤلفاً لمقالات ذائعة الصيت.
فى عام (1805) أرسله والده إلى المدرسة اللآتينية فى بوسطن، وفى عام (1817) عندما بلغ الرابعة عشرة من عمره التحق بجامعة "هارفارد" للدراسة والتى تخرج منها فى عام (1821) وبعد تخرجه قام بمساعدة أخيه الذى أنشأ مدرسة للفتيات الصغار فى منزل والدته إلى أن تولى هو إدارة المدرسة.
وفى عام (1829) تقلد منصب وزير يؤمن بفكرة المركزية الحكومية، لكنه لم يكن على وفاق مع مسئولى الكنيسة مما أدى إلى تقديم استقالته فى عام (1832).
تزوج "إيمرسون" مرتين، كانت زيجته الأولى من "ألين لويزا توكر" Ellen Louisa Tucker، التى توفيت إثر إصابتها بمرض الدرن عن عمر يناهز (17) عاماً. وبعد مرور شهر واحد فقط من وفاتها كانت زيجته الثانية من "فيليب آرينس" Phillip Arenas.

من أشهر أعمال "إيمرسون" الأدبية:
أ- الأعمال النثرية:
- 1836 "الطبيعة" Nature
- 1841 السلسلة الأولى من مقالاته: "الاعتماد على النفس" Self-reliance، "التعويض" Compensation، "الدوائر" Circles، و"الفيلسوف المتعالى" Transcendentalist (وهو الفيلسوف الذى يقول بأن اكتشاف الحقائق يتم بدراسة عمليات التفكير لا عن طريق الخبرة أو التجربة).
- 1844 السلسة الثانية من مقالاته: "الشاعر" The poet، "الخبرة" Experience، "السياسة" Politics.
- 1856 "ملامح إنجليزية" English traits.
- 1860 "القدر" Fate، و"القوة" Power.
- 1870 "المجتمع والعزلة" Society and Solitude.
ب- الأعمال الشعرية:
- 1847 مجموعة من القصائد(Poems) .
- 1876 قصائد مختارة (Selected poems).
- مرثاة شعرية (Threnody).

من أقواله:
Be not the slave of your own past. Plunge into the sublime seas, dive deep and swim far, so you shall come back with self-respect, with new power, with an advanced experience that shall explain and overlook the old.

Do not go where the path may lead, go instead where there is no path and leave a trail.

For what avail the plough or sail,
Or land or life, if freedom fail?

Don't be too timid and squeamish about your actions. All life is an experiment. The more experiments you make the better.

Finish each day and be done with it. You have done what you could.

God enters by a private door into every individual.

He has not learned the lesson of life who does not every day surmount a fear.

I hate quotations. Tell me what you know.

Insist on yourself; never imitate... Every great man is unique.

Live in the sunshine, swim the sea, drink the wild air…

Make the most of yourself, for that is all there is of you.

No great man ever complains of want of opportunity.

Nothing can bring you peace but yourself.

Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of your own mind.

Shallow men believe in luck. Strong men believe in cause and effect.

There are many things of which a wise man might wish to be ignorant.

This time, like all times, is a very good one, if we but know what to do with it.

Trust your instinct to the end, though you can render no reason.

Truth is beautiful, without doubt; but so are lies.

We all boil at different degrees.

We do what we must, and call it by the best names.

When you strike at a king, you must kill him.

In every work of genius we recognize our own rejected thoughts; they come back to us with a certain alienated majesty.

What lies behind us and what lies before us are tiny matters compared to what lies within us.

To be great is to be misunderstood.

Every artist was first an amateur.

In every work of genius we see our own rejected thoughts.

As soon as there is life there is danger.

The reward of a thing well done is to have done it.

A man is what he thinks about all day long.

All I have seen teaches me to trust the creator for all I have not seen.

As long as a man stands in his own way, everything seems to be in his way.

Beauty without expression is boring.

Before we acquire great power we must acquire wisdom to use it well.

For everything you have missed, you have gained something else, and for everything you gain, you lose something else.

It is one of the blessings of old friends that you can afford to be stupid with them.

Love of beauty is taste. The creation of beauty is art.

Never lose an opportunity of seeing anything beautiful, for beauty is God's handwriting.

Our greatest glory is not in never failing, but in rising up every time we fail.

The first wealth is health.

To be yourself in a world that is constantly trying to make you something else is the greatest accomplishment.

We aim above the mark to hit the mark.

We are always getting ready to live but never living.

When it is dark enough, you can see the stars.

Win as if you were used to it, lose as if you enjoyed it for a change.

With the past, I have nothing to do; nor with the future. I live now.


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